Either you manage to get an additional light source, or you can adjust further settings in your camera other than the aperture. What happens when you use the widest possible aperture of your lens, but there’s still not as much light as you need? Your image will be underexposed and you have two options to correct it. A lot of professional photographers tend to use prime lenses as they usually can produce a much wider aperture opening. A prime lens is when the focal length is not adjustable. These lenses are usually cheaper than fixed aperture zoom or prime lenses. Once you zoom in to 200mm your aperture will automatically set itself to f/5.6 or something like this. Here’s an example:Ī 70-200mm variable aperture lens can produce the lowest aperture at 70mm. Some zoom lenses don’t come with variable aperture and the lowest f-stop you can use depends on the focal length you are using your lens with. In some cases, the focal length of your lens can affect the smallest f-stop you can use. However, as explained earlier, these f-stops don’t let as much light in as wider ones, so your shot can come out underexposed.Īll lenses have a limit of how wide their apertures can be opened, these usually are the following f-stops: f/1.4, f/1.8, f/2.8, f/3.5 f/4 f/5.6. Narrower apertures (f/8, f/11, f/16, f/22) are mostly used for landscape photography as they result in a bigger area of focus, keeping most of the environment sharp. So, in this case, the area of focus can be less than 10mm, which is a very shallow depth of field. Especially in portraits where if you use a very small f-stop such as f/1.8, your subject’s nose could be out of focus while their eyes are still sharp. You can get very creative with adjusting your f-stops for a different depth of field, but you also need to be aware of how to do it properly.Ī wide aperture can easily make your picture to be blurry in undesirable areas. So to put it this way: The wider the aperture is, the shallower the depth of field. If you are shooting with a wider aperture such as f/2.8 you will notice that the area of focus is much smaller than if you were using a bigger f-stop, for example, f/5.6 or f/8. Jumping up an f-stop will brighten up your image but also cause a change in the depth of field. One of the possible solutions is to open up your aperture, letting in more light through the lens onto your camera’s sensor. As the sun keeps going down, you will have less and less light which you need to compensate somehow. Let’s say you are photographing portraits of someone at the beach during sunset. ![]() ![]() This is because the f-stop numbers come from an equation used to work out the size of the aperture from the focal length of the lens. By this, you are allowing 50% less light through the lens (1 f-stop). In doing so, you’re halving the open area of the aperture in the lens. If you are changing from f/2 to f/2.8, you are halving the exposure. The most important thing to know about these f-stop numbers is that, from each number to the next, the aperture decreases to half its size. This is what the aperture scale looks like (not to scale):
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